hi there,
i wasn´t active in a while because i learned my ass off for my master degree in psychology (3000 sites of literature) and passed sucessfully today-so i am a proud M.A and can finally concentrate again on the important side of life again :TRAINING. ;D
If you are interested in the topic Anatoly and Anoop-i did a study about the Drive for Muscularity in trainees-the paper is coming soon,that is the prescription for the journal:
Got muscle? Psychometric analysis and constructvalidity of the german form of the Drive for Muscularity Scale
Materials and Methods:
Participants:
Participants were 101 males ranging between the ages of 20 and 30 years.
The participants were devided in two groups (known group procedure): One group who does strength training in the gym with the criteria to look muscular and attractive and the other group who doesn´t do any strength training at all.
Its important to note that only regarding the sport, strength training the groups were splited and that the criteria to look muscular and attractive has been the main reason to choose and do this sport,not health, strength development or other goals.
Regarding other sport activities, no seperation was being made.
The 50 participants who do strength train were questioned in a local gym in Vienna.
The other 51 people of the sample were recruited on the campus of he university of vienna.
The data was collected in Juli and August 2010.
Anthropometrics and Analyses
All participants followed the same procedure:
Grip Strength
The subjects were shown how to use a handheld dynamometer. Each subject was instructed to stand up and hold the arm which should be tested straight down and squeeze so hard as possible. Each hand was tested twice but in a alternating fashion to let fatigue dispate from the tested hand.
Measurements were recorded in kilogramm.
2D4D digit ratio
In the next step the participants hands were scanned (Canon Lide 100) with a resolution of 400dpi.
They were told to lay their left and right hand seperadely on the scanner plate with the fingers clothed and the thump spread away sideways. Rings or other jewelery on the fingers which could hinder the measurement were removed.
A aluminium foil was folded around the to scanned hand of the subject to protect the picture of rays or getting blured and too light.
The 2D4D digit ratio was then measured via measurement programm ( Autometric 2.2 for windows) concepted for he 2D4D digit ratio.
This programm gives measures of the second and forth finger and keeps absolut pixel lengths constant at different magnifications. Each of the relevant fingers was measured from their fingertip to the lowest skin fold which was most near the hand plate.
The measurements were taken two times by the same person and one time by another rater to gurantee intrarater and interater realiability.
The mean mesurement of the three was taken of each finger to create the 2D4D digit ratio for the corresponding left and right hand of each participant.
Surveys
Each oft he 101 participants went through the whole questionaire which has included following surveys:
The Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS; Creary & Sasse, 2000)
The Male Body Attitudes Scale (MBAS; Tylka, Bergeron, & Schwartz, 2005)
The Body Appreciation Scale (BAS; Avalos, Tylka & Wood-Barcalow, 2005)
The Body Esteem Scale (BES; Franzoi & Shields, 1984)
The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1965)
The Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale (ACSS; Henderson-King & Henderson-King, 2005)
The Attitudes Towards Women Scale (ATWS; Spence, Helmrich & Stapp, 1978)-short version
The Hostility Toward Women Scale (HTWS; Check, 1985)
The Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPA; Hart, Leary & Rejeski, 1989)
The Reasons for Exercise Inventory (REI; Silberstein, Striegel-Moore, Timko, & Rodin, 1998)
The Sports Activity (SPA; Swami)
The Self-Assessed Attractiveness (SAA; Swami, Furnham, Georgiades, &. Pang, 2007)
The Sport Mental Toughness Questionaire (SMTQ; Sheard, Golgy & Van Wersch, 2009)
The Ten Item Personality Measure (TIPI; Gosling, Rentfrow, & Swann, 2003)
——————————————————————————————————
So let me know!
FloW
